Meyer Sound Documentation

All components in an audio system (self-powered loudspeakers, mixing consoles, and processors) must be properly connected to an AC power distribution system, ensuring that AC line polarity is preserved and that all grounding points are connected to a single node or common point using the same cable gauge (or larger) as the neutral and line cables.

120V AC, 3-Phase Wye System (Single Line)

Line-Neutral-Earth/Ground

The figure below illustrates a basic 120 V AC, 3-phase Wye distribution system with the loudspeaker load distributed across all three phases and with each loudspeaker connected to a single line and common neutral and earth/ground lines. This system delivers 120 V AC to each loudspeaker.

120 V AC, 3-Phase Wye System (Single Line to Loudspeakers)

120V AC, 3-Phase Wye System (Two Lines)

Line-Line-Earth/Ground

The figure below illustrates a 120 V AC, 3-phase Wye distribution system with each loudspeaker connected to two lines and a common earth/ground line. This configuration is possible because the UPQ-D Series tolerate elevated voltages from the ground line and does not require a neutral line. This system delivers 208 V AC to each loudspeaker.

120 V AC, 3-Phase Wye System (Two Lines to Loudspeakers)

Tip

The 120 V AC, 3-phase Wye system with two lines is recommended because it allows loudspeakers to draw less current than with single-line systems, thereby reducing voltage drop due to cable resistance. It also excludes the potential of varying ground to neutral voltages producing an audible hum.

230V AC, 3-Phase Wye System (Single Line)

Line-Neutral-Earth/Ground

Figure 5 illustrates a basic 230 V AC, 3-phase Wye distribution system with the loudspeaker load distributed across all three phases and with each loudspeaker connected to a single line and common neutral and earth/ ground lines. This system delivers 230 V AC to each loudspeaker.

230 V AC, 3-Phase Wye System (Single Line to Loudspeakers)

Caution

For 230 V AC, 3-phase Wye systems, never connect two lines to the AC input of a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker, as the resulting voltage would exceed the upper voltage limit (275 V AC) and will damage the loudspeaker.

The UPQ-D Series loudspeaker user panel includes two powerCON 20 connectors, as shown in the figure below; one for AC Input (blue) and one for AC Loop Output (gray).

AC Input (Left) and AC Loop Output (Right) Connectors

AC Input (Blue)

The blue AC Input connector supplies power to a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker. The 3-conductor powerCON 20 is rated at 20 A and uses a locking connector that prevents accidental disconnections. A 10-foot AC power cable, rated at 15 A, is included with each loudspeaker. If the included AC power cable is replaced, make sure to use a cable with the appropriate power plug (on the other end) for the region where the unit will be operated. The UPQ-D Series requires a grounded outlet. To operate safely and effectively, it is extremely important that the entire system be properly grounded.

The AC Input connector also supplies power to any additional loudspeakers connected to the loudspeaker’s gray Loop Output connector.

Caution

When looping AC power for loudspeakers, do not exceed the current capability of the AC Input connector (20 A) or the included AC power cable (15 A). Consider the total current draw for all loudspeakers on the circuit, including the first loudspeaker ([→ _bookmark14]Table 1).

AC Loop Output (Gray)

The gray AC Loop Output connector allows multiple

UPQ-D Series loudspeakers to be looped and powered from a single power source. The 3-conductor powerCON 20 is rated at 20 A and uses a locking connector that prevents accidental disconnections. For applications that require multiple UPQ-D Series loudspeakers, connect the AC Loop Output of the first loudspeaker to the AC Input of the second loudspeaker and so forth.

The maximum number of loudspeakers that can be looped from the AC Loop Output connector is determined by the voltage of the power source, the current draw of the looped loudspeakers, the circuit breaker rating, and the rating of the AC power cable connected to the first UPQ-D Series loudspeaker are described in the table below.

Table 1. Maximum UPQ-D1/2/3 that Can Be Looped with AC Power

Circuit Breaker/ Connector Rating	115 V AC	230 V AC	100 V AC
15 A	6 looped (7 total)	13 looped (14 total)	5 looped (6 total)
20 A	9 looped (10 total)	18 looped (19 total)	8 looped (9 total)

Note

Current draw for a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker is dynamic and fluctuates as operating levels change. The indicated number of loudspeakers that can be looped assumes that operating levels are normal and not such that loudspeakers are constantly limiting.

UPQ-D Series loudspeakers ship with a gray powerCON 20 cable mount connector, rated at 20 A, for assembling AC looping cables. Assembled 1-meter AC looping cables (PN 28.115.032.03) are also available from Meyer Sound,

UPQ-D Series loudspeakers ship with a gray powerCON 20 cable mount connector, rated at 20 A, for assembling AC looping cables, as shown in the figure below. The pins on the powerCON 20 cable mount connector are labeled as follows:

powerCON20Cable Mount Connector

How AC power cables are wired is determined by the type of AC power distribution system used (see AC Power Distribution). When wiring AC power cables for single-line systems, use one of the wiring schemes shown in the figure below and described in the table below:

AC Wiring Scheme

A UPQ-D Series loudspeaker operates as intended when receiving AC voltage within the following range:

If the voltage drops below 90 V, the loudspeaker uses stored power to continue operating temporarily; the loudspeaker powers off if the voltage does not return to its operating range.

If the voltage rises above 275 V, the power supply could become damaged.

Current draw for loudspeakers is dynamic and fluctuates as operating levels change. Because different cables and circuit breakers heat up at varying rates, it is important to understand the following types of current ratings and how they affect circuit breaker and cable specifications.

Use the information in UPQ-D Series Specifications to select the appropriate cable gauge and circuit breaker ratings for the system’s operating voltage.

The minimum electrical service amperage required by a loudspeaker system is the sum of the maximum long-term continuous current for all loudspeakers. An additional 30 percent above the combined Maximum Long-Term Continuous amperages is recommended to prevent peak voltage drops at the service entry.

The UPQ-D Series Intelligent AC™ power supply automatically selects the correct operating voltage (allowing the loudspeaker to be used internationally without manually setting voltage switches), eliminates high inrush currents with soft-start power up, suppresses high-voltage transients up to several kilovolts, filters common mode and differential mode radio frequencies (EMI), and sustains operation temporarily during low-voltage periods.

Powering on UPQ-D Series

When powering on a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker, the following startup events take place over several seconds.

1. Audio output is muted.

2. Voltage is detected and the power supply mode is automatically adjusted as necessary.

3. The power supply ramps up.

4. On the user panel, the Active/Status LED flashes multiple colors successively.

5. The Active/Status LED turns solid green, indicating the loudspeaker is unmuted and ready to output audio.

Caution

If the Active/Status LED does not turn solid green, or the UPQ-D Series loudspeaker does not output audio after 10 seconds, remove AC power immediately and verify that the voltage is within the required range. If the problem persists, contact Meyer Sound Technical Support.

Make sure to observe the following important electrical and safety guidelines.

The UPQ-D Series loudspeakers are available with XLR 3-pin, as shown in the first figure below, or 5-pin connectors, as shown in the second figure below, for audio Input and audio Loop output. XLR 5-pin connectors accommodate both balanced audio and RMS signals.

XLR 3-Pin Audio Connectors, Input and Loop Output

XLR 5-Pin Audio Connectors, Input and Loop Output

The XLR 3-pin or 5-pin female Input connector accepts balanced audio signals with an input impedance of 10 kΩ. The connector uses the following wiring scheme:

Pins 2 and 3 carry the input as a differential signal. Pin 1 is connected to earth through a 1 kΩ, 1000 pF, 15 V clamped network. This circuitry provides virtual ground lift for audio frequencies while allowing unwanted signals to bleed to ground. Make sure to use balanced XLR audio cables with pins 1–3 connected on both ends. Telescopic grounding is not recommended and shorting an input connector pin to the case may cause a ground loop, resulting in hum.

The XLR 3-pin or 5-pin male Loop output connector allows multiple loudspeakers to be looped from a single audio source. The Loop output connector uses the same wiring scheme as the Input connector (see Audio Input (XLR 3-Pin or 5-Pin Female)).For applications that require multiple UPQ-D Series loudspeakers, connect the Loop output of the first loudspeaker to the Input of the second loudspeaker and so forth.

Calculating Load Impedance for Looped Audio Signals

To avoid distortion when looping multiple loudspeakers, make sure the source device can drive the total load impedance of the looped loudspeakers. In addition, the source device must be capable of delivering approximately 20 dBV (10 V rms into 600 Ω) to yield the maximum SPL over the operating bandwidth of the loudspeakers.

To calculate the load impedance for the looped loudspeakers, divide 10 kΩ (the input impedance for a single loudspeaker) by the number of looped loudspeakers. For example, the load impedance for 10 UPQ-D Series loudspeakers is 1000 Ω (10 kΩ/ 10). To drive this number of looped loudspeakers, the source device should have an output impedance of 100 Ω or less. This same rule applies when looping a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker with other Meyer Sound self-powered loudspeakers.

Note

Most source devices are capable of driving loads no less than 10 times their output image6.pngimpedance.

Tip

Audio outputs from Meyer Sound’s Galileo GALAXY Network Platform have an output impedance of 50 ohms. Each output can drive up to 20 Meyer Sound (10 kΩ) loudspeakers without distortion.

Caution

Make sure that all cables for looped loudspeakers are wired correctly (Pin 1 to Pin 1, Pin 2 to Pin 2, and so forth) to prevent the polarity from being reversed. If one or more loudspeakers in a system have reversed polarity, frequency response and coverage will be significantly degraded.

The UPQ-D Series loudspeakers employ Meyer Sound’s advanced TruPower® limiting. Conventional limiters assume a constant driver impedance and set the limiting threshold by measuring voltage alone. This method is inaccurate, because driver impedances change as frequency content in the source material changes, and as thermal values for the loudspeaker’s voice coil and magnet vary. Consequently, conventional limiters often begin limiting prematurely, which reduces system headroom and dynamic range.

In contrast, TruPower limiting anticipates varying driver impedances by measuring both current and voltage to compute the actual power dissipation in the voice coil. This approach improves performance, both before and during limiting, by allowing the driver to produce the maximum SPL across its entire frequency range while also retaining signal peaks. TruPower limiting also eliminates power compression at high levels over lengthy periods, which helps regulate voice coil temperatures, thereby extending the life of the driver.

HF and LF Limit LEDs

The low- and high-frequency drivers for UPQ-D Series loudspeakers are powered by separate amplifier channels, each with their own limiter. Limiting activity is indicated with two Limit LEDs on the user panel. The top Limit LED, shown in the figure below, indicates limiting for the high-frequency channel and the bottom Limit LED indicates limiting for the low-frequency channel.

UPQ-D1/2/3 Limit LEDs

When engaged, the limiters not only protect the drivers but also prevent signal peaks from causing excessive distortion in the amplifier channels, thereby preserving headroom and maintaining smooth frequency response at high levels. When levels return to normal, below the limiter thresholds, limiting ceases.

A UPQ-D Series loudspeaker performs within its acoustical specifications at normal temperatures when the Limit LEDs are unlit, or when the LEDs are lit for 2 seconds or less and then turn off for at least 1 second. If the LEDs remain lit for longer than 3 seconds, the loudspeaker enters hard limiting where:

• Increases to the input level have no effect

• Distortion increases due to clipping

• Drivers are subjected to excessive heat and excursion, thereby compromising their lifespan

Caution

The Limit LEDs indicate when a safe, optimum level is exceeded. If a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker system begins to limit before reaching the desired SPL, consider adding more units to the system.

During normal operation, when a UPQ-D Series loudspeaker is powered on, the On/Status LED is solid green. If the loudspeaker encounters a hardware fault, or the unit begins to overheat, the LED flashes red. In some instances, the loudspeaker will continue to output audio while the LED flashes red, though with a reduction in the limiter threshold and acoustic output to protect the loudspeaker.

If a loudspeaker is overheating (for RMS-equipped loudspeakers, one can verify this situation in Compass RMS), a reduction in SPL may be necessary. If after a reduction in SPL and an appropriate cooling period the Active/Status LED continues to flash red (does not return to solid green), contact Meyer Sound Technical Support.

If the Active/Status LED flashes red and the loudspeaker does not output audio, contact Meyer Sound Technical Support immediately.

The UPQ-D Series loudspeaker is convection cooled. The amplifier’s heat sink provides natural convection cooling from the air flowing near its fins.

A UPQ-D Series loudspeaker system can be deployed with Meyer Sound self-powered low frequency control elements (see [→ _bookmark36]Table 3).These subwoofers achieve very low frequency responses and extend the system response appreciably, increasing the overall acoustic power of the system in the lowest frequencies.

The ideal ratio of UPQ-D Series loudspeakers to low frequency control element depends on the following variables:

Full-range signals can be connected directly to Meyer Sound self-powered loudspeakers, because the loudspeakers have built-in active crossovers. Subwoofers can be added to a UPQ-D Series system by simply daisy-chaining them to the UPQ-D Series loudspeakers.

To daisy-chain the suggested number of UPQ-D Series loudspeakers for the selected subwoofer (see Table 1):

When UPQ-D Series loudspeakers are coplanar, or they are very close together (about four to six feet like in the case of pole mounting), the phase response will work well in the area of interaction and the result will be a fairly flat frequency response. However, the response will show an increase in the 60–200 Hz range where the response of the loudspeakers overlaps.

In larger systems when individual control for the UPQ-D Series loudspeakers and subwoofers are needed or desired, if the UPQ-D Series loudspeakers and subwoofer are more than six feet apart, or if a delay is required between them, use a measurement system like Meyer Sound’s SIM to determine appropriate delay and polarity settings.

The UPQ-D Series loudspeakers are compatible with Meyer Sound’s QuickFly® system, a comprehensive collection of custom-designed rigging, flying, and mounting options. Comprising rugged, reliable, and easy-to-configure components, QuickFly supports deployment of UPQ-D Series loudspeakers as either individual loudspeakers or as arrays at precise angles to take full advantage of their directional components. The top and bottom plates for the UPQ-D Series cabinet are constructed of heavy-duty,

high-strength, corrosion-resistant 6061-T6 aluminum and include threaded metric holes (for M10 screws) for easy connection to QuickFly rigging and third-party mounting options.

When installing Meyer Sound loudspeakers, the following precautions should always be observed:

The UPQ-D Series loudspeaker ships with two M10 threaded, 25 mm eye bolts that attach to the top or bottom of the loudspeakers and can be used to suspend them. A minimum of two eye bolts is required when suspending a single loudspeaker. The use of two eye bolts provides the added flexibility of aiming and tilting the loudspeaker for targeted coverage.

UPQ-D Series Top Plate with Threaded Holes for Eye Bolts

UPQ-D Series Loudspeaker with Two Eye Bolts

To move beyond the basic eye bolt rigging, Meyer Sound offers UPQ-D Series rigging accessories that facilitate more configurations, as described in the table below.

A single UPQ-D Series loudspeaker may be mounted on a heavy-duty loudspeaker stand with a standard 38 mm (1.5 in) pole using its integral pole mount receptacle. The load rating for the stand must meet or exceed the weight of the

UPQ-D Series loudspeaker (95 lb or 43 kg) and the pole must be installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

UPQ-D Series Mounted on Pole

The MYA-UPQ (PN 40.185.052.01) mounting yoke suspends a single UPQ-D Series loudspeaker and allows a wide range of horizontal and vertical adjustment. The mounting yoke’s bottom bar attaches to the bottom plate of the loudspeaker with two M10 mounting screws (included). A “C” or “G” hanging clamp and steel safety cable (not included) are required to suspend the MYA-UPQ mounting yoke.

MYA-UPQ Mounting Yoke

The MPA-UPQ array adapter provides a solid connection between UPQ-D Series loudspeakers to form horizontal and vertical arrays of up to three loudspeakers. The six M10 screw holes at the front of the adapter plate are used to adjust the distance between the loudspeakers to achieve the desired splay angle (from 34° to 50°) and coverage. The adapter plate has three rows of shackle holes that offer the flexibility of flying horizontal and vertical arrays, as well as single loudspeakers.

MPA-UPQ Array Adapter Plate

The MPA-UPQ array adapter kit (PN 40.185.054.01) includes two plates and eight M10 knobs and washers. A single kit can create an array of two UPQ-D Series loudspeakers; two kits are required for an array of three loudspeakers.

Arrays are assembled by attaching the array adapter plates to the top and bottom plates of the UPQ-D Series loudspeakers and securing them with the included M10 knobs and washers.

Suspending Single Loudspeakers Vertically with the MPA-UPQ

A single MPA-UPQ array adapter plate can be used to suspend a single UPQ-D Series loudspeaker vertically. The adapter plate attaches to the top center of the loudspeaker with the included M10 knobs. Shackles attach to the adapter plate’s middle shackle holes (oriented up).

Attaching an Array Adapter Plate

Tip

A second MPA-UPQ array adapter plate attached to the bottom can be used to pull back for severe downtilt angles using the last shackle hole.

Suspending Single Loudspeakers Horizontally with the MPA-UPQ

Two MPA-UPQ array adapter plates can be used to suspend a single UPQ-D Series loudspeaker horizontally. The adapter plates attach to the top and bottom edges of the loudspeaker with the included M10 knobs. Shackles attach to the adapter plate’s side shackle holes (oriented up).

MPA-UPQ Suspending a Single Loudspeaker Horizontally

Horizontal Arrays with the MPA-UPQ

MPA-UPQ horizontal arrays are constructed by placing adapter plates on the tops and bottoms of the loudspeakers between each loudspeaker. The adapter plates are oriented with the middle shackle row up.

MPA-UPQ, Horizontal Array

Vertical Arrays with the MPA-UPQ

MPA-UPQ vertical arrays are constructed by placing adapter plates on the tops and bottoms of the loudspeakers between each loudspeaker. The adapter plates are oriented with the middle shackle row in.

MPA-UPQ, Vertical Array

Note

• For a list of available splay angles for arrayed UPQ-D Series loudspeakers, see MPA-UPQ Splay Angles for Arrayed Loudspeakers.

• Optimal acoustical performance for a UPQ-D Series array is achieved by using the adequate number of units as well as selecting the specific angles between cabinets to fill the requirements of the application. In general, larger angles can create a hole in the coverage and smaller angles can create too much interaction.

• MAPP is the tool of choice to enable users to make accurate and comprehensive predictions for optimal coverage(s) during the design phase.

MPA-UPQ Splay Angles for Arrayed Loudspeakers

The MPA-UPQ array adapter plate has six different M10 screw holes for adjusting the splay angle for arrayed UPQ-D Series loudspeakers. The following illustrations show the possible splay angles for arrayed loudspeakers.

MPA-UPQ with Loudspeakers Arrayed at 50°

MPA-UPQ with Loudspeakers Arrayed at 46°

MPA-UPQ with Loudspeakers Arrayed at 42°

MPA-UPQ with Loudspeakers Arrayed at 38°

MPA-UPQ with Loudspeakers Arrayed at 34°

The MAPP System Design Tool is a powerful, cross-platform application for accurately predicting the coverage pattern, frequency response, phase response, impulse response, and SPL capability of individual or arrayed Meyer Sound loudspeakers.

MAPP System Design Tool

Whether planning for fixed installations or for tours with multiple venues, use MAPP to accurately predict the appropriate loudspeaker deployment for each job, complete with coverage data, system delay and equalization settings, rigging information, and detailed design illustrations. MAPP’s accurate, high-resolution predictions ensure that systems will perform as intended, thereby eliminating unexpected coverage problems and minimizing onsite adjustments.

The key to the accuracy of MAPP’s predictions is MeyerSound’s exhaustive database of loudspeaker measurements. Performance predictions for each loudspeaker are based on 3-dimensional, 65,000+ 1/48th-octave-band measurements taken in the MeyerSound anechoic chamber. The extraordinary consistency between Meyer Sound loudspeakers guarantees that predictions from MAPP will closely match their actual performance.

MAPP software allows for configuration of MeyerSound loudspeaker systems and definition of the environment in which they operate, including air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the location of prediction surfaces. Importing both CAD (.DXF) and Sketchup (.SKP) files containing detailed venue information to act as an anchor model to the prediction surfaces and a visual aid to facilitate prediction data interpretation is also possible.

MAPP Capabilities

With MAPP, you can:

• Simulate different loudspeaker configurations to refine system designs and determine the best coverage for intended audience areas

• Model loudspeaker interactions to locate constructive and destructive interferences so that loudspeakers can be re-aimed and repositioned as necessary

• Place microphones anywhere in the Model View space and predict loudspeaker frequency response, phase response, and sound pressure levels at each microphone position

• Determine delay settings for fill loudspeakers using the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform and phase response feature

• Preview the results of signal processing to determine optimum settings for the best system response

• Automatically calculate load information for arrays to determine necessary minimum rigging capacity, front-to-back weight distribution, and center of gravity location

• Generate and export system images and system PDF reports for client presentations

• Synchronize GALAXY processor output channel settings in real-time with virtual or real GALAXY units, allowing in-the-field changes to be predicted during system alignments.

The Galileo GALAXY Network Platform is a sophisticated loudspeaker management tool for controlling all MeyerSound speaker types. The GALAXY loudspeaker processor extends a high level of audio control in driving and aligning loudspeaker systems with multiple zones. It provides a powerful tool set for corrective equalization (EQ) and creative fine-tuning for a full range of applications from touring to cinema.

Users can readily program the GALAXY processor using Compass software running on a host computer or via the Compass Go application for the iPad. Connecting MAPP to the GALAXY processor will also allow the user to push output channel settings created in MAPP as a starting point. Compass Control Software includes custom-designed settings for each family of speakers, as well as to integrate families together. For example, the Product Integration feature matches the phase characteristics between Meyer speaker families to ensure the most coherent summation.

Processing tools for inputs and outputs include delay, parametric EQ and U-Shaping EQ. Output processing also includes polarity reversal, Low-Mid Beam Control (LMBC), atmospheric correction, and All Pass filters.

The built-in summing and delay matrices allow a user to easily assign gain and delay values, respectively, at each cross point. This capability greatly facilitates using one loudspeaker to satisfy multiple purposes.

Front panel controls let a user intuitively and quickly operate a GALAXY processor without a computer during live use.

The GALAXY 408, GALAXY 816 and GALAXY 816-AES3 processor versions have the same audio processing capability with different I/O. See www.meyersound.com to locate their datasheets for more information.

Weather Protection is strongly recommended for all permanent outdoor installations where loudspeakers are directly exposed to the elements. This includes desert and semi-arid climates, where protection against dust and sand is important, and where infrequent rainstorms can contribute to deterioration of loudspeaker components.

Weather Protection is also recommended when the loudspeakers are sheltered from direct exposure to precipitation but are nevertheless exposed to prolonged high humidity, fog or mist. Examples would be installations on covered outdoor terraces or pavilions

Weather Protection is further advisable for portable or touring systems when any significant outdoor use is anticipated. Even though standard procedures may call for using external protective measures, these are often not implemented in time to prevent moisture intrusions that could lead to premature performance degradation of the loudspeaker.

The wear and tear on a loudspeaker will vary significantly with different climatic conditions. For example, a weather protected loudspeaker installed in a sunlight-exposed location on an ocean pier will experience much harsher conditions than a loudspeaker in a similar installation that is shaded by trees and exposed only to rainfall. The constant exposure to direct UV radiation and salt air environment will cause a loudspeaker to wear more quickly than one with partial UV shielding and exposed only to freshwater moisture.

Wear can eventually affect the performance of the loudspeaker. It also affects aesthetics. For example, in salt air environments, the exterior grille can quickly show signs of oxidation, causing unsightly discoloration.

Apart from selecting suitable weather protection, the progress of wear and tear on the loudspeaker can be slowed by a regular schedule of inspection and cleaning. This maintenance is particularly necessary in harsh environments. Inspection and cleaning should include routine removal of any visible oxidation or environmental particulates, as these can accelerate metal corrosion or decay of the cabinet. If installed loudspeakers are not in use for an extended period, exterior protection or temporary removal and storage of the loudspeakers should be considered.

There are several benefits to selecting the Meyer Sound Weather Protection option:

Meyer Sound assumes normal and accepted installation practices are used when installing Meyer Sound Loudspeakers outdoors. Deviation from such practices may cause weather protection to be ineffective and void the warranty for the loudspeaker.

Examples of unacceptable and acceptable installation practices include:

If in doubt about an installation method, contact Meyer Sound Technical Support for assistance.

Always discuss the environmental conditions of your Meyer Sound installation with your Sales Manager, and verify the availability of Weather Protection for your selected loudspeaker models. The Sales Manager, together with Technical Support, will verify the appropriate level of weather protection for the loudspeakers and related rigging hardware.

IP stands for "Ingress Protection." The current format for expressing an IP rating is a 2-digit code. The first digit of an IP rating represents protection from solid objects. The second digit of an IP rating represents protection from water or moisture. The table below provides a chart of IP ratings and the corresponding definitions of the rating.

The UPQ-D Series rigid removable rain hood is easily attached and removed with the included four screws, as shown in the figure below.

UPQ-D Series with rigid rain hood in Vertical Orientation (left), Horizontal Orientation (top right) and Interior Cable Routing (bottom right))

The UPQ-D Series foldable rain hood is installed on the unit when shipped. Four screws secure its frame permanently into place, as shown in the figure below. When using the rainhood, the loudspeaker has only one possible vertical and one possible horizontal position, as all cables must exit from the lower end of the loudspeaker.

UPQ-D Series with foldable rain hood in vertical (left) and horizontal (right) orientations